PYTHON V/S KOTLIN
INTRODUCTION:
PYTHON:
Python is a high-level object-oriented programming language that was created by Guido van Rossum. It is also called general-purpose programming language as it is used in almost every domain we can think of as mentioned below:
•Web Development
•Software Development
•Game Development
•AI & ML
•Data Analytics
Every Programming language serves some purpose or use-case according to a domain. For eg, Javascript is the most popular language amongst web developers as it gives the developer the power to handle applications via different frameworks like react, vue, angular which are used to build beautiful User Interfaces. Similarly, they have pros and cons at the same time. So if we consider python it is general-purpose which means it is widely used in every domain the reason is it’s very simple to understand, scalable because of which the speed of development is so fast. Now you get the idea why besides learning python it doesn’t require any programming background so that’s why it’s popular amongst developers as well. Python has simpler syntax similar to the English language and also the syntax allows developers to write programs with fewer lines of code. Since it is open-source there are many libraries available that make developers’ jobs easy ultimately results in high productivity. They can easily focus on business logic and Its demanding skills in the digital era where information is available in large data sets.
KOTLIN:
Kotlin is a statically typed, general-purpose programming language developed by JetBrains, that has built world-class IDEs like IntelliJ IDEA, PhpStorm, Appcode, etc. It was first introduced by JetBrains in 2011 and a new language for the JVM. Kotlin is object-oriented language, and a “better language” than Java, but still be fully interoperable with Java code.
Kotlin is sponsored by Google, announced as one of the official languages for Android Development in 2017.
FEATURES OF KOTLIN:
1.Statically typed
Statically typed is a programming language characteristic that means the type of every variable and expression is known at compile time. Although it is statically typed language, it does not require you to explicitly specify the type of every variable you declare.
2.Data Classes
In Kotlin, there are Data Classes which lead to auto-generation of boilerplate like equals, hashCode, toString, getters/setters and much more.
3.Concise
It drastically reduces the extra code written in other object-oriented programming languages.
4.Safe
It provides the safety from most annoying and irritating null pointer expectations by supporting nullability as part of its system.
Every variable in Kotlin is non-null by default.
5.Interoperable with Java
Kotlin runs on Java Virtual Machine(JVM) so it is totally interoperable with java. We can easily access use java code from kotlin and kotlin code from java.
6.Functional and Object Oriented Capabilities
Kotlin has rich set of many useful methods which includes higher-order functions, lambda expressions, operator overloading, lazy evaluation, operator overloading and much more.
Higher order function is a function which accepts function as a parameter or returns a function or can do both.
7.Smart Cast
It explicitly typecasts the immutable values and inserts the value in its safe cast automatically.
If we try to access a nullable type of String ( String? = “BYE”) without safe cast it will generate a compile error.
8.Compilation time
It has higher performance and fast compilation time.
9.Tool- Friendly
It has excellent tooling support. Any of the Java IDEs – IntelliJ IDEA, Eclipse and Android Studio can be used for Kotlin. We can also be run Kotlin program from command line.
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PYTHON AND KOTLIN:
PYTHON:
Python is a high-level, interpreted, and general-purpose dynamic programming language that focuses on code readability. It has fewer steps when compared to Java and C. It was founded in 1991 by developer Guido Van Rossum. Python ranks among the most popular and fastest-growing languages in the world. Python is a powerful, flexible, and easy-to-use language. In addition, the community is very active there. It is used in many organizations as it supports multiple programming paradigms. It also performs automatic memory management.
ADVANTAGES OF PYTHON:
1.Presence of third-party modules
2.Extensive support libraries(NumPy for numerical calculations, Pandas for data analytics etc)
3.Open source and community development
4.Versatile, Easy to read, learn and writel8 intol5.User-friendly data structures
6.High-level language
7.Dynamically typed language(No need to mention data type based on the value assigned, it takes data type)
8.Object-oriented language
9.Portable and Interactive
10.Ideal for prototypes – provide more functionality with less coding
11.Highly Efficient(Python’s clean object-oriented design provides enhanced process control, and the language is equipped with excellent text processing and integration capabilities, as well as its own unit testing framework, which makes it more efficient.)
12.(IoT)Internet of Things Opportunities
13.Interpreted Language
14.Portable across Operating systems
DISADVANTAGES:
1.Low speed
2.Inefficient Memory Consumption
3.Weak in programming for Mobile Devices
4.Difficult to interact data base layer
5.Prone to cause run time errors
APPLICATIONS:
1.GUI based desktop applications
2.Graphic design, image processing applications, Games, and Scientific/ computational Applications
3.Web frameworks and applications
4. Enterprise and Business applications
5.Operating Systems
6.Education
7.Database Access
8.Language Development
9. Prototyping
10.Software Development
KOTLIN
Kotlin is a programing language which can generate codes to run on JVM (Java Virtual Machines).The name for the language “Kotlin” came from an island of Russia named Kotlin.
The syntax of Kotlin is not compatible with Java which is used for building apps for different android platforms. But Kotlin is able to interoperate with Java Codes. Or in other word Kotlin can work naturally with Java.
Kotlin relies on a combative assumption to select what type of definition and values if these are not illustrated properly. By having this feature Kotlin has become more special than Java that usually requires monotonous stipulations.
Kotlin programing language was created in the year of 2011 and it has taken over the spotlight in a really short period of time android developers are getting best results of Kotlin.
Kotlin has gained popularity in a very short time not only because of it has amazing features and it is easy to work with but it is also reliable. Not one or two app development companies world wide and even so many developers now started supporting Kotlin.
ADVANTAGES OF KOTLIN:
•Maximize the productivity
Kotlin is a programing language that is based on Java. Kotlin can easily get rid of aggravations as well as obsolescence of Java. Kotlin is a clear compact and dynamic language. Kotlin can maximize the productivity of the developer’s team as it takes very little time to write and also you can deploy it pretty fast.
•Works with existing Java Code
Kotlin is interoperable with Java codes. Kotlin is persistent with Java and so many other related frameworks and tools. So switching to Kotlin is much easy. If the product you are building can’t only be written in Kotlin, you can use the other one and both can be used together easily.
•Can be easily maintained
Kotlin is supported by many IDEs which also include Android Studio and so many other SDK tools. By this, it also can maximize the productivity of the developer as it can continuously deal with toolkits they are already using.
•Less Buggy
As we know Kotlin is a clear and compact codebase so it does not leave any space for making any mistakes, it also helps to provide more stable codes in production. The compiler will identify every possible mistake at a compile-time span sans any tumult.
•Reliable
So many programming languages are available out there but Kotlin is more sophisticated language among them. Kotlin came on the big screen in the year of 2011. Till the time it has been introduced Kotlin has undergone many Beta and Alfa stages prior to releasing its final version.
•Easy to learn
Kotlin aims to enhance the features of Java not just rewrite them. Mobile developers who have worked on Java they also can use Kotlin easily and their skill on Java will also stay relevant and helpful on Kotlin.
•Merges fuctional and procedural programming
Nowadays so many programming languages are available in the market and everyone has their fair share of advantages and disadvantages. In order to get the best results Kotlin has combined the best of the functional as well as procedural programming.
DISADVANTAGES OF KOTLIN:
•Different from Java
Though Kotlin and Java have too many resemblances but still, there are some differences too. App developers just can’t make the switch if they have inadequate knowledge about Kotlin.
•Compilation Speed
In some cases, Kotlin works even faster than Java while performing incremental builds. But it should be remembered that Java will still stay incomparable when we talk about clean building.
•Less Kotlin professionals
Kotlin has the sky-high popularity in developers community still only few programmers are available in this field. The fact about Kotlin is developers need to have in-depth knowledge about this language but nowadays it is really hard to find experienced experts in the domain of Kotlin.
•Limited sources to learn
The number of developers who are switching to Kotlin is increasing but there are only limited developers community available to learn this language from or solve quarries in the process of development.
For some time now, the app development community is obsessed with Kotlin from android app developer Utah to app developers worldwide. Though this new age language has changed so many old perspectives and it should be explored more. And maybe we have to wait some more years to eyewitness Kotlin’s take over on the mobile app development community
APPLICATIONS OF KOTLIN:
•Native app development.
•Desktop app development.
•Web development.
•Cross-platform mobile app development.
•Server-side development.
•Data science app development.
These are some of the applications of KOTLIN.
CONCLUSION:
We have seen the differences between Python and Kotlin and the advantages and disadvantages and applications of Python and Kotlin.
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