SERVLET V/S JSP

 SERVLET V/S JSP

INTRODUCTION:

Websites are collections of static files, for example, images, graphics, and HTML files. These websites are referred to as web applications if they provide dynamic functions when hosted on the servers. 

Websites mostly work on a client-server paradigm where the client sends requests to the server, which, in turn, processes the queries and provides the desired outputs. This communication is done using the HTTP protocol. In this article, we will be taking a look at the difference between JSP and Servlet. 

Servlets are the server-side programs written in Java, which implement the Servlet interface and handle all the client requests to that server. Servlet acts as the middle layer between the client requests and the applications hosted on the server. Servlets are used to collect data from the users, for example, forms, and also to create web pages dynamically and present the results. 

JSP, Java Server Pages, is also a technology similar to the Servlets and is used to create web applications. JSPs can be viewed as the extension of Servlets, as JSP is easier to maintain and provides more functionalities. Java Server Pages (JSPs) forms a fundamental part of the Java EE.

WHAT ARE JSP AND SERVLET? 

JSP, stands for Java Server Pages, is an extensive collection of technologies, which are used to develop web pages. These web pages are developed by inserting java codes into HTML pages by JSP tags. JSP contains static as well as dynamic data, where dynamic data can be JSP elements, whereas the static data can be HTML, XML, SVG, or WYML files. Servlets generate dynamic content, interact with the client, and are maintained by Servlet engine containers. Servlets are used to extend the functions provided by the servers.

JSP:

Java Server Pages (JSP) is a programming tool on the application server side that supports platform-independent and dynamic methods to construct Web-based applications. The JSP method provides a web application. It can be considered an expansion of Servlet because it offers more features than servlet. Since we can differentiate design and development, the JSP pages are easier to manage than Servlet. HTML tags and JSP tags are present in Java Server Pages.

Java Server Pages (JSP) is a Web page development technology that supports dynamic content. This allows programmers to use specific JSP tags to insert Java code into HTML pages. A part of JSP is a type of Java servlet designed to perform the function of a Java web application user interface. JSPs are written as text files by Web developers that incorporate Html or XHTML script, XML components, and embedded JSP actions and commands. For many purposes, JSP tags may be used, such as downloading data from the database or recording user interests, accessing modules of JavaBeans, transferring power between sites, exchanging information among queries, etc.

SERVLETS:

Using Servlets, we can collect input from users through web page forms, present records from a database or another source, and create web pages dynamically.

Java Servlets often serves the same purpose as programs implemented using the Common Gateway Interface (CGI). But Servlets offer several advantages in comparison with the CGI. They've been listed below:

Performance is significantly better.

Servlets execute within the address space of a Web server. It is not necessary to create a separate process to handle each client request.

Servlets are platform-independent because they are written in Java.

Java security manager on the server enforces a set of restrictions to protect the resources on a server machine. So servlets are trusted.

The full functionality of the Java class libraries is available to a servlet. It can communicate with applets, databases, or other software via the sockets and RMI mechanisms that you have seen already.

Applications Of Servlet:

Read the explicit data sent by the clients (browsers). This includes an HTML form on a Web page or it could also come from an applet or a custom HTTP client program.

Read the implicit HTTP request data sent by the clients (browsers). This includes cookies, media types and compression schemes the browser understands, and so forth.

Process the data and generate the results. This process may require talking to a database, executing an RMI or CORBA call, invoking a Web service, or computing the response directly.

Send the explicit data (i.e., the document) to the clients (browsers). This document can be sent in a variety of formats, including text (HTML or XML), binary (GIF images), Excel, etc.

Send the implicit HTTP response to the clients (browsers). This includes telling the browsers or other clients what type of document is being returned (e.g., HTML), setting cookies and caching parameters, and other such tasks.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SERVLET AND JSP

Servlets are a method to develop web applications by implementing them in a platform-independent and component-based approach. It does not abide by the performance-based restrictions of CGI programs (Common Gateway Interface). Servlets can access all the Java APIs and the JDBC API to access enterprise databases. 

JSPs are utilised for server-side programming and are also used to create platform-independent, dynamic web applications. If we want to have a clear view of JSP vs. Servlet, we can compare them on the following factors to help decide which one is a better choice if there is any specific requirement.

The Advantages of using Servlets:

Servlets load only one copy into the Java Virtual Machine. This makes their memory efficient and faster.

The response time is significantly less, as it saves time to respond to the first request. 

Servlets are easily accessible, as they use standard API that is used by a large number of web servers.

It is easy for development and is platform-independent.

Servlet’s usage doesn’t constrain the web servers. 

Servlets help developers access a large number of APIs, which are available for Java. 

It is very easy to maintain multiple Servlets for a single web application.

Servlet containers provide developers with the facility of support to several other features like resource management, sessions, security, persistent, etc. 

If servlets have multiple requests, the web containers provide threads to handle more than one request.

The Advantages of using JSPs:

JSP can be used to write Servlets.

JSP is very easy to modify, and therefore, it makes it very convenient.

Developers can easily show and process information in JSP.

JSP can use the multithreading feature of Java.

JSP can be easily connected to the MYSQL databases. 

JSP can use the exceptional handling feature of Java.

JSP has better performance and scalability, as developers can embed dynamic elements into the HTML code.

JSP is based in Java and is platform-independent.

Disadvantages of using Servlet:

Servlets create threads and not a process when a request arrives.

It is harder to code and perform exception handling, as Servlet codes are not thread-safe by default.

Java Runtime Environment is necessary to run Servlets on the server.

Developing Servlets requires experience and a lot of knowledge of Java Servlets for development.

Only one Servlet is loaded into the JVM.

HTML code and Java code are interdependent and can cause errors if changes are not taken into consideration. 

Disadvantages of using JSP:

It is very difficult for developers to perform database connectivity in JSP.

As the JSP is compiled on the server, it is not memory and time-efficient.

It is hard to track errors in JSP files because they are an extension to Servlets. The JSP codes are processed into Servlet codes for compilation.

As JSP is an HTML file, it doesn’t provide many features. 

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, we can say that Servlets are server-side programs and take care of the processing, whereas JSP is an interface that is built on top of Servlets to provide added functionalities. Because the JSP acts as an interface, developers can easily manage and integrate the UI part of the applications in JSP files.

With this we come to the end of our topic Servlet V/s JSP. Know about differences between Servlet and JSP? List them down in the comments below.  

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