RASPBERRY V/S ARDUINO
INTRODUCTION:
The Arduino is a small microcontroller, which is very cheap to have but allows many additional features to the Pi. In combination, the two offer even more options than the Raspberry can offer alone.
Raspberry is a series of small single-board computers (SBCs) developed in the United Kingdom by the Raspberry Pi Foundation in association with Broadcom.The Raspberry Pi project originally leaned towards the promotion of teaching basic computer science in schools and in developing countries.The original model became more popular than anticipated, selling outside its target market for uses such as robotics. It is widely used in many areas, such as for weather monitoring,because of its low cost, modularity, and open design. It is typically used by computer and electronic hobbyists, due to its adoption of HDMI and USB devices.
RASPBERRY:
The Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card sized computer that plugs into a computer monitor or TV, and uses a standard keyboard and mouse. It is a capable little device that enables people of all ages to explore computing, and to learn how to program in languages like Scratch and Python. It’s capable of doing everything you’d expect a desktop computer to do, from browsing the internet and playing high-definition video, to making spreadsheets, word-processing, and playing games.
What’s more, the Raspberry Pi has the ability to interact with the outside world, and has been used in a wide array of digital maker projects, from music machines and parent detectors to weather stations and tweeting birdhouses with infra-red cameras. We want to see the Raspberry Pi being used by kids all over the world to learn to program and understand how computers work.
RASPBERRY PI:
The Raspberry Pi Foundation works to put the power of computing and digital making into the hands of people all over the world. It does this by providing low-cost, high-performance computers that people use to learn, solve problems, and have fun. It provides outreach and education to help more people access computing and digital making—it develops free resources to help people learn about computing and making things with computers and also trains educators who can guide other people to learn.
Code Club and CoderDojo are part of the Raspberry Pi Foundation, although these programs are platform-independent (they’re not tied to Raspberry Pi hardware). The Raspberry Pi Foundation promotes these clubs and helps grow the network around the world in order to ensure every child has access to learning about computing. Similarly, Raspberry Jams are Raspberry Pi-focused events for people of all ages to come together to learn about Raspberry Pi and share ideas and projects.
There have been many generations of the Raspberry Pi line: from Pi 1 to 4, and even a Pi 400. There has generally been a Model A and a Model B of most generations. Model A has been a less expensive variant, and tends to have reduced RAM and fewer ports (such as USB and Ethernet). The Pi Zero is a spinoff of the original (Pi 1) generation, made even smaller and cheaper. Here’s the lineup so far:
•Pi 1 Model B (2012)
•Pi 1 Model A (2013)
•Pi 1 Model B+ (2014)
•Pi 1 Model A+ (2014)
•Pi 2 Model B (2015)
•Pi Zero (2015)
•Pi 3 Model B (2016)
•Pi Zero W (2017)
•Pi 3 Model B+ (2018)
•Pi 3 Model A+ (2019)
•Pi 4 Model A (2019)
•Pi 4 Model B (2020)
•Pi 400 (2021)p
AURDUINO:
Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs – light on a sensor, a finger on a button, or a Twitter message – and turn it into an output – activating a motor, turning on an LED, publishing something online. You can tell your board what to do by sending a set of instructions to the microcontroller on the board. To do so you use the Arduino programming language (based on Wiring), and the Arduino Software (IDE), based on Processing.
Over the years Arduino has been the brain of thousands of projects, from everyday objects to complex scientific instruments. A worldwide community of makers – students, hobbyists, artists, programmers, and professionals – has gathered around this open-source platform, their contributions have added up to an incredible amount of accessible knowledge that can be of great help to novices and experts alike.
Arduino was born at the Ivrea Interaction Design Institute as an easy tool for fast prototyping, aimed at students without a background in electronics and programming. As soon as it reached a wider community, the Arduino board started changing to adapt to new needs and challenges, differentiating its offer from simple 8-bi not boards to products for IoT applications, wearable, 3D printing, and embedded environments. All Arduino boards are completely open-source, empowering users to build them independently and eventually adapt them to their particular needs. The software, too, is open-source, and it is growing through the contributions of users worldwide.
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RASPBERRY AND ARDUINO:
There are a wide variety of controller boards that we can use for our hardware projects. The two most popular among them are: Arduino and Raspberry Pi.
Arduino is based on the ATmega family and has a relatively simple design and software structure. Raspberry Pi, basically is a single-board computer. Both of them have a CPU which executes the instructions, timers, memory and I/O pins. The key distinction between the two is that Arduino tends to have a strong I/O capability which drives external hardware directly. Whereas Raspberry Pi has a weak I/O which requires transistors to drive the hardware.
The differences between Arduino and Raspberry Pi :-
Both Arduino and Raspberry Pi are good teaching tools for students, beginners and hobbyists. Let us see some of the differences between Raspberry Pi and Arduino.
•The main difference between them is: Arduino is microcontroller board, while Raspberry Pi is a microprocessor based mini computer (SBC).
•The Microcontroller on the Arduino board contains the CPU, RAM and ROM. All the additional hardware on Arduino Board is for power supply, programming and IO Connectivity. Raspberry Pi SBC has all features of a computer with a processor, memory, storage, graphics driver, connectors on the board.
•Raspberry Pi needs an Operating System to run. Arduino doesn’t need any operating system. All you need is a binary of the compiled source code.
•Raspberry Pi comes with a fully functional operating system called Raspberry Pi OS (previously known as Raspbian OS). Although Pi can use different operating systems, Linux is preferred by Raspberry Pi Foundation. You can install Android, if you want. Arduino does not have any operating system. You just need a firmware instructing the Microcontroller what task to do.
•The clock speed of Arduino is 16 MHz while the clock speed of Raspberry Pi is around 1.2 GHz.
•Raspberry Pi is good for developing software applications using Python, while Arduino is good for interfacing Sensors and controlling LEDs and Motors.
•This doesn’t mean we cannot connect sensors and LEDs to Raspberry Pi. To encourage learning programming by controlling hardware, the Raspberry Pi consists of a 40-pin GPIO, through which you can connect different electronic components like LEDs, Buttons, Sensors, Motors etc. On Arduino, the GPIO is called as Digital IO (for digital Input and Output) and Analog IN (for Analog Input).
•Using Arduino Shields, which plug into the Arduino Pin headers, you can add a dedicated feature or functionality like a Motor Driver, Ethernet Connection, SD Card Reader, Wi-Fi, Touchscreens, cameras etc. to Arduino. While Raspberry Pi is a self-contained board, you can add external hardware like Touchscreen, GPS, RGB panels etc. to Raspberry Pi. The Raspberry Pi Hardware Attached on Top or HAT Expansion Boards are inspired by Arduino Shields, using which you can add additional functionality to Raspberry Pi. They are connected to the GPIO Pins.
•The power requirements of Raspberry Pi and Arduino are completely different. Even though they both are powered by USB (micro-USB or USB Type C for Raspberry Pi and USB Type B for Arduino), Raspberry Pi needs more more current than Arduino. So, you need a power adapter for Raspberry Pi but you can power Arduino from the USB port of a Computer.
•Power interruption for Raspberry Pi may cause damage to the hardware, software or applications. In case of Arduino, if there is any power cut it again restarts. So, Raspberry Pi must be properly shutdown before disconnecting power.
•Arduino uses Arduino IDE for developing the code. While Raspberry Pi can use Python IDLE, Eclipse IDE or any other IDE that is supported by Linux. You can also program using the terminal itself with any text editor like Vim.
•Using the open-source hardware and software files of Arduino, you can essentially create your own Arduino board. This is not possible with Raspberry Pi as it is not open-source.
•The cost of original Arduino UNO is $23 but there are several clones of Arduino which are available for less than $4. Coming to Raspberry Pi, the original Raspberry Pi SBC was around $35, but the latest Raspberry Pi 4 Model B is available in different price points ($35, $55 or $75) depending on the memory configuration.
These are the differences between Raspberry and Arduino.
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